Balmain is a suburb in the Inner West [ 2 ] of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Balmain is located 2 km ( 1.2 mi ) west of the Sydney central occupation zone, in the local anesthetic government area of the Inner West Council. It is located on the Balmain peninsula surrounded by Port Jackson, adjacent to the suburb of Rozelle to the southwest, Birchgrove to the northwest, and Balmain East to the east. Iron Cove sits on the western side of the peninsula, with White Bay on the southeast side and Mort Bay on the northeast side.
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traditionally bluing collar, Balmain was where the industrial roots of the trade wind trade unionist motion began. It has become established in australian wage-earning acculturation and history, due to being the stead where the Australian Labor Party formed in 1891 and its social history and condition is of high cultural meaning to both Sydney and New South Wales. today, the ALP contends with the australian Greens for political prominence in Balmain, and Jamie Parker of the Greens holds the State seat of Balmain .
history [edit ]
prior to European village, the sphere was inhabited by autochthonal Aboriginal Australian, Gadigal and Wangal people. Stories from early settlers in the area assure of how the local autochthonal people used to hunt kangaroo by driving them through the bushy peninsula, down the mound to Peacock Point at the east end, where they were killed. [ citation needed ] The area nowadays known as Balmain was partially of a 550-acre ( 2.2 km2 ) allow to colonial surgeon Dr William Balmain ( 1762–1803 ) made in 1800 by Governor John Hunter. A class late, Balmain transferred his integral bear to settle a debt to John Borthwick Gilchrist before returning to Scotland. The legality of the land transportation from Balmain to Gilchrist for lone 5 shillings was challenged by Balmain ‘s descendants and further development of the area was blocked. The sphere subsequently became known as Gilchrist ‘s station, though woo documents refer to the area as the Balmain Estate. During the many years of legal challenges, the estate was leased for farming and cattle purposes. In 1814 the adjacent homestead of Birchgrove was sold to Roland Warpole Loane, a merchant and settler descended from a syndicate of English landlords. One hundred acres on the adjoining Balmain estate of the realm were leased to Loane. [ 3 ]
In 1833, Gilchrist transferred power of lawyer to Frederick Parbury. When Loane ‘s rent last expired in 1836 and the land retrieved from his possession, Parbury commissioned surveyor John Armstrong to sub-divide the state into six parcels. Three parcels were sold to Thomas Hyndes in 1837. The area was quickly sub-divided and developed during the 1840s and by 1861 had been divided into the well populate eastern suburb of Balmain and the sparsely populate western area, extending to the gates of Callan Park, known as Balmain West .
early City Subdivision Balmain, Darling St, Elliott St, Terry St, Claremont St
industry [edit ]
The peninsula changed quickly during the 1800s and became one of the premier industrial centres of Sydney. Industries clustered around Mort Bay included shipbuilding, a metallic foundry, engineer, boilermaking and the Mort ‘s Dock and Engineering Company works which opened in 1855—in 1958 Mort ‘s Dock closed and is the web site of Mort Bay Park. [ 4 ] Increasing industrialization at Balmain created a requirement for brassy housing. This was satisfied by the pier owners selling little blocks of estate to entrepreneurs who then built bantam cottages and rented them to the workers. The Balmain Reservoir was built in 1915 .
Lever Brothers Factory, owned by the british parent company, opened in 1895 .
colliery [edit ]
A char mine was opened in 1897 beside what is now Birchgrove Public School by an english company. The winding engine was said to be the largest in the southern hemisphere. however, with the dateless labor disputes, [ 5 ] Sydney Collieries Limited took over ownership. A far new shaft was sunk in 1904. From the bottomland of the shafts a decline led down to a seam of coal situated under the harbor between Ballast Point and Goat Island. [ 6 ] Because of the handiness of the coal, Balmain Power Station was erected in stages from 1909. however, there were major industrial disputes in the 1920s and calls were made by some shareholders in 1928 to close the mine. [ 7 ] The adopt year the colliery still employed 299 miners. [ 8 ] By 1930 the colliery owners had given up and it had been taken over by the Balmain Coal Contracting Company, established by the Miner ‘s Federation [ 9 ] to keep the pit functional, to no avail as disputes continued. On 13 october 1930 the Miners ‘ Lodge declared the mine “ blacken ” a well as the coach, whose dismissal they demanded. [ 10 ] The colliery closed in 1931. In 1933 it was proposed to extract natural gasoline for commercial manipulation from the now disused mine. [ 5 ] In 1936 calls were made for the Sydney City Council to take over the mine to no avail. [ 11 ]
railroad track [edit ]
The opening of the railway in the 1920s far established Balmain and it gained a reputation as a rough propertyless area of Sydney. A big inflow of immigrants boosted Balmain ‘s population in the 1950s .
gentrification [edit ]
gentrification of Balmain began in the 1960s as industry waned. Balmain ‘s sex appeal to the center class was ascribable in part to its waterfront localization and proximity to Sydney ‘s CBD. The Balmain Association was formed in 1965. [ 12 ] Increasing property values and waterfront development continued to push the suburb ‘s remaining industry out. In 1996, the Lever Brothers web site became a series of apartment complexes with a handful of original buildings preserved. The power station was demolished in 1998 to make way for apartments. however, many aspects of Balmain ‘s industrial past have been retained as inheritance .
inheritance listings [edit ]
scene over Sydney from Balmain Balmain has a number of heritage-listed sites, including :
Demographics [edit ]
According to the 2016 census of population, there were 10,453 residents in Balmain. 61.9 % of people were born in Australia. The following most common countries of birth were England 9.1 %, New Zealand 3.3 %, Ireland 1.5 % and United States of America 1.5 %. 79.6 % of people only spoke English at dwelling. other languages spoken at home included italian at 1.3 %. The most common responses for religion in Balmain ( State Suburbs ) were No Religion 41.2 %, Catholic 22.3 %, not stated 12.5 %, anglican 11.4 % and presbyterian and Reformed 2.1 %. [ 1 ]
commercial area [edit ]
Balmain features an abundance of outside cafe and dine establishments, giving a big dine culture to the area
Balmain Working Men ‘s Institute
view of the Sydney Harbour Bridge from East Balmain, Barangaroo Reserve is in the foreground Darling Street, Balmain ‘s chief thoroughfare, features boutique shops, quality restaurants and cafe aboard honest-to-god drink establishments. Landmarks on this street include the Post Office and Court House, aboard Balmain Town Hall, the historic Westpac Bank, Balmain Fire Station and Balmain Working Men ‘s Institute. other commercial developments are scattered throughout the suburb. The headquarter of the NSW Water Police moved to Cameron Cove in Balmain in late 2007 .
tape drive [edit ]
Balmain Shipyard
Balmain has several ferry wharves including Thames Street Balmain serviced by the Cockatoo Island ferry services, Elliot Street, Balmain West and Darling Street, Balmain East serviced by the Cross Harbour ferry services. Services run to Circular Quay. Transdev Sydney Ferries ‘ sustenance and animate base is at Balmain Shipyard. Balmain ‘s road network feeds into three main roads—Darling Street, Beattie Street and Montague/Mullen Street. These streets have limited speeds, typically 40 km/h and are all individual carriageway with parallel parking. Due to the geography of the peninsula, all of these roads feed into Victoria Road and the Western Distributor. Trams once ran all the room down Darling Street to the Wharf at Balmain East. Due to the very steep slope at the bottom of the street, the trams used a complex ‘dummy ‘ counterweight system constructed under the road coat. The trams were pushed up the exorbitant mound by the dummy, and rode the dummy on the way down to safely descend the hill. Transit Systems bus topology services that service Balmain are : 441 – Birchgrove to Art Gallery of New South Wales via Rozelle and QVB, [ 20 ] 442 – Balmain to the Queen Victoria Building via Rozelle, [ 21 ] 445 – Balmain to Campsie, [ 22 ] 433 – Balmain to Martin Place. [ 23 ]
culture [edit ]
Drinking establishments [edit ]
Balmain is home to many historic hotels, including the Cat and Fiddle Hotel, Cricketer ‘s Arms Hotel, Dick ‘s Hotel, Dry Dock Hotel, Exchange Hotel, Forth & Clyde Hotel, Kent Hotel, Unity Hall Hotel, London Hotel, Mort Bay Hotel, Norfolk Pines Hotel, Pacific Hotel, Royal Oak Hotel, Shipwright ‘s Arms Hotel, Star Hotel, Town Hall Hotel, Volunteer Hotel and the West End Hotel. The Riverview Hotel is a heritage-listed corner build up built in 1880 in the Arts and Crafts style. [ 24 ] Between 1888 and 1913 the public house was named Bergin ‘s Hotel after the publican Joseph Bergin. australian swimming ace Dawn Fraser was publican of the Riverview from 1978 to 1983. [ 25 ]
start culture [edit ]
numerous phrases have been used to describe the suburb and its inhabitants, including “ Balmain boys do n’t cry ” ( former NSW Premier Neville Wran at the Street Royal Commission ) ; “ You can take the boy out of Balmain, but you ca n’t take Balmain out of the boy ” ( Unknown ) ; “ There are merely two types of men in this global : those who were born in Balmain and those who wish they were ” ( a Police Commissioner of New South Wales ). australian Prime Minister Paul Keating commented on the suburb ‘s gentrification by using the term “ Basket weavers of Balmain ”. Until the 1970s, older Balmain people would refer to “ going to Sydney ”. The Post Office/ Court/ Police build up and vicinity was broadly referred to as the “ Town Hall ”, with the Post Office clock much called the Town Hall clock. This was credibly due to the Post Office & Court Building being built in between the earlier Town Hall & Town Hall Hotel. In the mid-1960s Balmain was the set for the popular Seven Network situation comedy series My Name’s McGooley, What’s Yours?, starring Gordon Chater, John Meillon and Judi Farr. [ 26 ] Balmain was the mise en scene for the 1994 Australian film The Sum of Us, which starred Jack Thompson, John Polson and Russell Crowe. [ 27 ] The former Pacific Hotel ( from 2019, now converted into a residential place ) – equally well as respective other locations in Balmain – were used extensively as the laid of the australian television soap opera, E Street .
Parks and reserves [edit ]
Public open space on the shores of Mort Bay on the Balmain, Balmain East border Balmain has a total of parks including Gladstone Park, Birrung Park and White Bay Park. The wide peninsula has many more parks in close proximity, particularly along the foreshores. In earlier times Punch Park was the goto place for park footy ( rugby league ), though it was always referred to by the boys then as Punch ‘s Park
sport and diversion [edit ]
Balmain is home to the Balmain Tigers zone rugby league football club that is now represented in the NRL by Wests Tigers rugby league golf club. The baseball club was formed in mid-1999 by a joint venture between the Balmain Tigers and the western Suburbs Magpies in training for the 2000 season. [ 28 ] In 2005 the Tigers defeated the North Queensland Cowboys in the Grand Final to win the premiership. [ 28 ] The Balmain Rugby Football Club, founded in 1873, took function in the identical first competition structure and in fact winning their first premiership in 1875. Players lost fight in World War I forced the club to merge with the Glebe “ Dirty Reds ” RUFC in 1919, to form the Glebe-Balmain RFC. As a merged club they had enormous success during the Twenties, winning four premierships. In 1931, as a depression stick out, Drummoyne Oval, as it is now known, was constructed on the site of a small ellipse which Glebe and Balmain had used for junior matches since 1892. To ensure longevity of tenure, and because there were just not adequate sporting grounds in Sydney—with some reluctance—the Glebe-Balmain Club decided to change its list to the Drummoyne District Rugby Football Club. [ 29 ] It did so without giving up its long-held traditions, the red jumpers of Glebe and its world-famous tag, “ The Dirty Reds ” and the black and gold of Balmain, color even worn proudly by today ‘s players in their socks. Drummoyne Rugby Club [ 29 ] is still in being and still upholds it proud history and traditions. The suburb is besides dwelling to the Balmain Australian Football Club, a establish extremity in 1903 of the Sydney Football League. [ 30 ] Balmain is besides home to Balmain FC, who are a semi-professional football baseball club, playing in the National Premier Leagues NSW 3. In 2015 they qualified for the Australia-wide FFA Cup Round of 32 and were drawn against A-League club Melbourne Victory FC in which they were defeated 6–0 in front of 5,000 fans at Leichhardt Oval. Balmain Sailing Club is located in nearby Birchgrove and is base to the annual Balmain Regatta. Balmain Rowing Club was formed in July 1882, and still occupies its original White Street placement. The club adopted black and yellow colours from its formation, which soon became the zone colors. The bang-up Illawarra sculling ace Bill Beach had a conclude affiliation with the club and wore their bootleg and gold color in contest .
Housing [edit ]
The post-industrial gentrification of Balmain has resulted in a suburb of considerable charm and interest where the modest, pretty houses command high prices. however, Balmain still retains a diverse blend of residents due to the Housing Commission unit blocks in the suburb. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Much of the suburb is a inheritance conservation area and creative design is required to modernise the priggish and edwardian housing stock. In 2013 a contemporary Balmain house designed by architect Harry Seidler sold for $ 6m. [ 33 ] The Tom Uren House in Gilchrist Place was designed by Richard Leplastrier .
celebrated residents [edit ]
celebrated by and present residents include :
Notes [edit ]
References [edit ]
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