Armidale is a city in the Northern Tablelands, New South Wales, Australia. [ 2 ] Armidale had a population of 24,504 as at June 2018. [ 1 ] It is the administrative center for the Northern Tablelands region. It is approximately center between Sydney and Brisbane at the junction of the New England Highway and Waterfall Way. The traditional owners of the nation of Armidale are the Anaiwan Peoples .
geography [edit ]
Armidale is on the banks of Dumaresq Creek, in the Northern Tablelands in the New England region about halfway between Sydney and Brisbane at an altitude ( 980 megabyte AHD ) [ 3 ] ranging from 970 metres at the valley ‘s floor to 1,110 metres above sea tied at the crests of the hills. A short distance to the east of Armidale are heavy forested steep gorges dropping down to the easterly coastal apparent. big parts of the highlands are covered by Palaeozoic aged metamorphosed aqueous rocks. Intruding into these meta-sediments are granite plutons which decompose to form arenaceous dirt, slightly insufficient in nutrients. There are besides basalt flows which are more fecund for the soil substrates. Those areas away from the bass esophagus country tend to display gently undulating terrain chiefly used for pastures and where granites occur the areas are normally covered in bushland.
Reading: Armidale – Wikipedia
The sphere contains a phone number of places of outstanding natural smasher and scientific interest vitamin a well as several World Heritage national parks including the New England National Park and the Oxley Wild Rivers National Park. To the west is Mount Yarrowyck Nature Reserve. The coastal plain can be reached directly at Coffs Harbour via Waterfall Way to Dorrigo and Bellingen on the Bellinger River, a two-hour drive .
Woodsmoke befoulment, Armidale, 27 May 2011 During winter there is a problem with some air quality reduction caused by the function of solid fuel domestic wood heaters. [ 4 ] A peer-reviewed study carried out by the University of New England in 2007 found winter woodsmoke causes 8.8 extra visits per day to GPs in Armidale for respiratory complaints, i.e., about 750 extra visits per year. [ 5 ] Another peer-reviewed study estimated the habit of wood heaters in Armidale was responsible for about 11.5 premature deaths per year with estimated annual health cost of $ 14.95 million – about $ 4720 per class for every woodheater in the city. [ 6 ] A local retired doctor ( now Associate Professor at the UNE Medical school ) said he is so refer by the wood smoke position, he urges people with respiratory problems to leave town. [ 7 ]
climate [edit ]
Armidale has a subtropical highland climate ( Köppen : Cfb [ 8 ] ). Armidale ‘s acme gives it a milder climate than most of northerly New South Wales, but the summers are still identical ardent. Winters are retentive and cool, with many crisp nights. Snowfall is rare, on average only one day in every three years .
Rologas Fields during Autumn In Armidale, the presence of four discrete seasons makes it climatically unlike a lot of inland Australia ; hence, the “ New England ” nickname and the fall colours are luminary features of the city. Summers are characterised by ardent to very strong days followed about constantly by aplomb, sometimes cold, nights. Thunderstorms much produce heavy falls of rain and occasionally hail in the afternoons and early evenings, besides bringing a sudden drop in temperature. Unlike nearby coastal areas, Armidale does not normally experience high humidity levels making most of the summer days quite comfortable. Temperatures exceed 30 °C or 86 °F on an median of 13 afternoons per year, but rarely reach higher than 35 °C or 95 °F. [ 9 ] The highest temperature recorded at Armidale Airport was 37.1 °C ( 98.8 °F ), recorded in February 2017. As the leaves turn chicken and fall, day temperatures are largely hush warm, particularly in March and April. Days are cheery, the thunderstorm season is over, and rain becomes more sporadic. Nights become cold, and residents much awake to a compact obscure blanketing the Armidale valley, but by 9 am fogs have cleared to be followed by a bright cheery day. The class ‘s first frosts normally occur in April, but they are not austere. Winters are cold ; nightlong temperatures drop below −5 °C or 23 °F with frost on the ground ; at the Tree Group Nursery post a reading a depleted as −11.2 °C or 11.8 °F was record on 30 June 2010, whilst the older place at Radio 2AD recorded −9.3 °C or 15.3 °F on 15 July 1970. [ 10 ] These cold frigid mornings are normally followed by cheery days. Day temperatures may make it vitamin a eminent as 16 °C or 60.8 °F, but sometimes may not climb beyond 10 °C or 50 °F. [ 9 ] These are typical Northern Tablelands winter days with prevailing westerly winds, bare grey clouds, and showers of rain and very occasionally coke. rain during the winter months is not infrequent but is normally light. In spring temperatures are quick, although casual dawn frosts placid can continue well into October. September is normally a pleasantly mild but long-winded month, and by former October with increasing heating system and humidity the thunderstorm season is starting with increasing rainfalls. The spring months produce the most variable weather of the class. A workweek of very strong cheery upwind can be followed by respective balmy days with temperatures right back at winter levels before gradually warming up again. This bicycle much repeats itself many times until the start of summer.
| Climate data for Armidale Airport AWS, New South Wales, Australia (1993-present normals and extremes); 1079 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 37.0 (98.6) |
37.1 (98.8) |
32.4 (90.3) |
27.7 (81.9) |
23.3 (73.9) |
21.7 (71.1) |
19.9 (67.8) |
26.8 (80.2) |
28.2 (82.8) |
31.9 (89.4) |
35.0 (95.0) |
36.5 (97.7) |
37.1 (98.8) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 31.4 (88.5) |
29.8 (85.6) |
26.7 (80.1) |
23.6 (74.5) |
19.4 (66.9) |
16.1 (61.0) |
15.4 (59.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
22.5 (72.5) |
25.6 (78.1) |
28.7 (83.7) |
29.7 (85.5) |
31.4 (88.5) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) |
25.2 (77.4) |
23.2 (73.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
12.7 (54.9) |
12.2 (54.0) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.7 (63.9) |
20.6 (69.1) |
22.9 (73.2) |
25.1 (77.2) |
19.6 (67.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.0 (68.0) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.4 (63.3) |
13.9 (57.0) |
10.1 (50.2) |
7.6 (45.7) |
6.8 (44.2) |
7.9 (46.2) |
11.2 (52.2) |
14.0 (57.2) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.6 (56.5) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 13.5 (56.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
11.5 (52.7) |
7.8 (46.0) |
4.3 (39.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
1.7 (35.1) |
4.7 (40.5) |
7.4 (45.3) |
10.1 (50.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.5 (45.5) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 9.8 (49.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
7.7 (45.9) |
3.1 (37.6) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−2.0 (28.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
0.4 (32.7) |
3.0 (37.4) |
5.6 (42.1) |
8.0 (46.4) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.5 (40.1) |
4.1 (39.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−4.9 (23.2) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 91.9 (3.62) |
96.1 (3.78) |
67.7 (2.67) |
35.1 (1.38) |
39.1 (1.54) |
49.5 (1.95) |
42.6 (1.68) |
45.1 (1.78) |
49.5 (1.95) |
72.6 (2.86) |
96.5 (3.80) |
102.9 (4.05) |
788.6 (31.06) |
| Average rainy days ( ≥ 1.0 millimeter ) | 8.2 | 7.9 | 6.8 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 7.0 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 78.7 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 62.5 | 68.5 | 66.0 | 61.0 | 67.5 | 71.0 | 68.5 | 59.5 | 55.0 | 53.0 | 62.0 | 59.5 | 62.8 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 12.7 (54.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
10.9 (51.6) |
7.6 (45.7) |
5.4 (41.7) |
3.8 (38.8) |
2.2 (36.0) |
2.0 (35.6) |
4.2 (39.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
9.8 (49.6) |
11.1 (52.0) |
7.4 (45.3) |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (temperature, precipitation, humidity- 1993-present normals and extremes)[11] | |||||||||||||
| Climate data for Armidale (Tree Group Nursery), New South Wales, Australia (1997-present normals and extremes); 987 m AMSL | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 37.4 (99.3) |
37.6 (99.7) |
33.8 (92.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
22.3 (72.1) |
21.2 (70.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
28.7 (83.7) |
32.4 (90.3) |
35.6 (96.1) |
37.8 (100.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 31.7 (89.1) |
31.0 (87.8) |
28.0 (82.4) |
24.0 (75.2) |
19.8 (67.6) |
16.9 (62.4) |
16.1 (61.0) |
18.8 (65.8) |
23.5 (74.3) |
26.6 (79.9) |
29.1 (84.4) |
30.4 (86.7) |
31.7 (89.1) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 27.1 (80.8) |
25.7 (78.3) |
23.8 (74.8) |
20.5 (68.9) |
16.7 (62.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
13.2 (55.8) |
14.9 (58.8) |
18.7 (65.7) |
21.5 (70.7) |
23.6 (74.5) |
25.7 (78.3) |
20.4 (68.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.1 (68.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
17.3 (63.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
9.4 (48.9) |
7.3 (45.1) |
6.4 (43.5) |
7.3 (45.1) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.7 (56.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
13.3 (56.0) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 13.0 (55.4) |
12.7 (54.9) |
10.8 (51.4) |
6.7 (44.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
−0.4 (31.3) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
2.7 (36.9) |
5.9 (42.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
11.5 (52.7) |
6.2 (43.2) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) |
8.7 (47.7) |
6.0 (42.8) |
0.7 (33.3) |
−3.9 (25.0) |
−5.5 (22.1) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−2.1 (28.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
4.0 (39.2) |
6.5 (43.7) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 2.6 (36.7) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
−5.8 (21.6) |
−7.9 (17.8) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−10.8 (12.6) |
−8.7 (16.3) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 89.4 (3.52) |
96.9 (3.81) |
73.9 (2.91) |
37.2 (1.46) |
30.4 (1.20) |
41.8 (1.65) |
38.8 (1.53) |
44.7 (1.76) |
43.6 (1.72) |
67.5 (2.66) |
94.1 (3.70) |
90.6 (3.57) |
748.9 (29.49) |
| Average rainy days ( ≥ 1.0 millimeter ) | 8.1 | 8.3 | 7.8 | 5.3 | 4.9 | 6.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 84.4 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 61.0 | 68.5 | 69.0 | 66.0 | 67.5 | 71.0 | 68.0 | 60.0 | 55.5 | 54.5 | 62.5 | 58.5 | 63.5 |
| Average dew point °C (°F) | 13.3 (55.9) |
14.0 (57.2) |
12.1 (53.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
5.6 (42.1) |
3.7 (38.7) |
2.4 (36.3) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.0 (41.0) |
7.1 (44.8) |
10.6 (51.1) |
12.1 (53.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
| Source: Australian Bureau of Meteorology (temperature, precipitation, humidity- 1997-present normals and extremes)[12] | |||||||||||||
upwind [edit ]
21 December 2006 hailstorm Armidale has been prone to severe hailstorms and experienced three such storms over the ten-year menstruation from 1996 to 2006. On 29 September 1996 hail of up to 80 millimetres ( 3.1 in ) in diameter and southerly winds of up to 150 kilometres per hour ( 93 miles per hour ) were reported at the airport weather station. The area was declared a catastrophe zone and State Emergency Service crews were brought in from across the state. wrong was estimated to be in excess of A $ 200 million. [ 13 ] On 1 January 2000 many homes were damaged by extreme weather conditions which brought large acclaim stones, potent winds and flash flood. [ 14 ] On 21 December 2006 acclaim stones, high winds and dart deluge damaged more than 1,000 homes and destroyed the Armidale Livestock Exhibition Centre which collapsed wholly under the weight of accumulate acclaim. The city was declared a state of hand brake by New South Wales Premier Morris Iemma the following sidereal day. [ 15 ] [ 16 ] On the night of 14 October 2021 at 10pm, an intense storm produced a crack causing extensive price. It tore away roof and turned vehicles top down. [ 17 ] [ 18 ]
transport [edit ]
Armidale railway place opened in 1883. The Armidale railroad track station is on the Main North railway occupation and is served by daily passenger trains to and from Sydney. Armidale ‘s airport has five daily scheduled flights to and from Sydney with Qantaslink. Regional airline Fly Corporate operates a schedule air service with flights to and from Brisbane. [ 19 ] Armidale Airport, at 1,084 metres ( 3,556 foot ), is the highest accredited airport in New South Wales. The city is linked foster north by daily coach to Tenterfield provided by NSW TrainLink. other bus companies such as Greyhound besides provide numerous daily services. Local city services are provided on six different routes by Edwards Coaches and Armidale is serviced by 16 cab. Although the hills to the north and the south can be a challenge, cycle is an option to get around Armidale. A cycleway exists from the University of New England through the city to the residential areas on the eastern side of city. This cycleway snakes second towards Ben Venue School. The passing through the city provides easy access for cyclists to the shop centres. bicycle racks are in strategic locations around the city center, including at The Armidale Food Emporium, The Armidale Plaza, and Centro Armidale. Places are besides provided outside the Armidale Dumeresq War Memorial Library, and at either end of the Mall. A tangle of score cycleways on the shoulder of the roads in the city ‘s southerly residential areas allows cyclists to safely ride on the roads. There are besides freestanding cycleways from the Armidale Arboretum along Kellys Plains Road to the south and from the north of the city along Rockvale Road to the Armidale State forest ( known as the Pine Forest by locals ) .
history [edit ]
The Catholic Cathedral of St Mary and St Joseph, Armidale Before the british colonial colony of New South Wales, the autochthonal Anaiwan tribe occupied the area that encompasses current day Armidale. british pastoralists first entered the region in the early 1830s, following the earlier exploration of the area by John Oxley. Oxley recommended the region for graze, and soon squatters established large leaseholds in the vicinity. Armidale was initially founded in 1839 by George James MacDonald who was the Commissioner of Crown Lands and head of the local anesthetic Border Police detachment in the New England district. MacDonald established his barracks on the locate and named it after Armadale on the Isle of Skye in Scotland which was the ancestral dwelling of the MacDonald kin. [ 20 ] The James Barnet -designed heritage-listed Armidale Post Office opened on 1 April 1843. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] The township, which was surveyed in 1848 and gazetted in 1849, was established to provide a marketplace and administration for the farms, but soon after gold was discovered at nearby Rocky River and Gara Gorges, and a aureate haste ensued, enlarging the town quickly in the 1850s. The gold mine settlement of Hillgrove about 40 km east of Armidale was supplied by electricity from Australia ‘s foremost hydro-electric scheme, the Gara River Hydro-Electric Scheme, remains of which are placid visible on the Gara River below the Blue Hole at Castle Doyle. The nearby town of Uralla holds the dangerous of the celebrated Captain Thunderbolt – outlaw Fred Ward – who caused disturb in the area in the 1860s. As with Ned Kelly, the locals have adopted him as a larrikin hero and make the most of him as a tourist attraction. Armidale became a municipality in 1863 [ 23 ] and was proclaimed a city in 1885. Although it does not lie between the two major cities of Sydney and Melbourne, a web site just to the south of Armidale was, in the early 1900s, considered as a likely site for Australia ‘s union capital. Some saw its northerly location as better suited to all three easterly mainland states, including Queensland. [ 24 ] [ 25 ] [ 26 ] Later, particularly in the 1920s and 1930s, Armidale was one of the centres of separatist agitation by the New England New State Movement. Local politician, David Drummond, a potent confirm of the campaign, successfully lobbied for Armidale to have the second teachers ‘ college in New South Wales, [ 27 ] and late a university, [ 28 ] positioning the town as a electric potential state capital.
population [edit ]
St Peter ‘s Cathedral According to the 2016 census, there were 26,552 people in the Armidale meaning urban sphere .
- Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 7.2% of the population.
- 78.3% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 2.0%, China 1.2%, New Zealand 1.1%, India 0.7% and Nepal 0.6%.
- 83.3% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Arabic 1.3%, Mandarin 1.2% and Nepali 0.7%.
- The most common responses for religion were No Religion 29.1%, Anglican 20.8% and Catholic 20.0%.[29]
City of Armidale [edit ]
The erstwhile Armidale Courthouse
Armidale Post Office Armidale is a cathedral city, being the seat of the Anglican and Roman Catholic bishops of Armidale. St Peter ‘s Anglican Cathedral, which replaced the original St Peter ‘s Church, was designed by the canadian architect John Horbury Hunt, who besides designed Booloominbah at the University of New England. St Peter ‘s Cathedral opened for worship in 1875 and the column was added in 1938. The Catholic Cathedral of St Mary and St Joseph was dedicated on 12 December 1919. The city center is laid out in a grid of streets. The main street is called Beardy Street, named for two of the establish settlers who had beards. [ 30 ] The court house was built in the 1850s and is still a outstanding sport of the cardinal district. much of the respite of the city is residential. The australian Wool Fashion Awards, which showcases the function of Merino wool by fashion designers, are hosted by Armidale in March each class. The Autumn Festival is a democratic annual event of April in Armidale. The festival features a street parade, stalls and celebrations throughout the city. It is a regular separate of the city ‘s attractions, much promoting Armidale ‘s divers polish ( for exemplify, posters set up by council attack to attract tourists with the motto “ Foodies Thrive in Armidale ” ) and fall colours. During May the annual New England Wool Expo is staged to display wool fashions, handicrafts, demonstrations, shearing competitions, yard chase trials and demonstrations, a wool bale rolling competition and early activities .
Suburbs [edit ]
- Acacia Park
- East Armidale
- West Armidale
- Ben Venue
- Bona Vista
- Commissioners Waters
- Dumaresq
- Duval
- Madgwick
- North Hill
- Newling
- Soudan Heights
- South Hill
- St. Patrick’s
- The Mission
education [edit ]
The city is home to a large number of education facilities, including the Armidale School ( 1894 ), New England Girls ‘ School ( 1895 ), presbyterian Ladies ‘ College ( PLC Armidale ) ( 1887 ), and the Armidale Waldorf School ( 1985 ), [ 31 ] schools of the australian freelancer education sector. O’Connor Catholic College ( 1975 ) and St Mary ‘s primary School are systemic Catholic schools. Armidale High School ( 1911 ) and Duval High School ( 1972 ) were government-funded secondary schools until their close at the end of 2018. In 2019, the two schools were combined into one in the shape of Armidale Secondary College, which is located on what was the Armidale High School campus. It was previously located on the Duval High School campus as a proxy while the Armidale High campus was partially demolished. approximately 27 % of Armidale ‘s sum population is in the 10–24-year age group, compared with an equivalent NSW figure of 18 %. [ 29 ]
University of New England [edit ]
The university was founded in 1938, at beginning as a college of the University of Sydney, but then in its own right in 1954. The UNE contributes to Armidale ‘s situation as a city of culture and diversity, with a vibrant artistic and cultural component. The university has strong links to the rural community, and undertakes a bunch of agricultural inquiry. There is besides a high-technology presence, angstrom well as celebrated humanities teaching. UNE hosts a wide range of courses, and introduced a number of new courses in 2008, including a five-year Bachelor of Medical Science and Doctor of Medicine platform as partially of a joint medical platform with the University of Newcastle. [ 32 ] The university is built around the historic sign of the zodiac Booloominbah, which is now used for administration and houses a restaurant. UNE is one of the city ‘s independent employers .
retail [edit ]
Richardson ‘s arcade Armidale is a major regional retail center, house three denounce malls :
central patronize complex in 2015
- Central Armidale. A A$49 million development[33][34] anchored by a Woolworths and 32 speciality stores.[35][36] It began trading under the name ‘Centro’ in late November 2007, and was rebranded ‘Central’ in 2014.
- Armidale Plaza, a A$70 million venture,[33] officially opened an extension, refurbishment and rebranding (formerly Kmart Plaza) in August 2007. Armidale Plaza is anchored by Kmart, IGA and 50 specialty stores. Bi-Lo was one of the anchor stores until it closed on 28 February 2010. IGA became an anchor store where it opened there on 8 November 2011. Target Country closed its store in the centre in March 2021.[37]
- The East Mall was constructed in 2002 and houses Coles Supermarket and 15 speciality stores.
promenade [edit ]
East Mall Armidale has a pedestrian plaza which stretches over three blocks of Beardy Street in the center of city. It features many shops and cafés with outdoor eating areas along with some luminary architecture, including Tattersalls Hotel, built in the Art Deco dash during the 1930s ; Armidale Courthouse ; the city ‘s main position office ; the former Commonwealth Bank and the New England Hotel. The plaza was opened in 1973 and was the first of its kind in regional Australia. [ 38 ] Armidale Dumaresq Council has been undertaking major upgrades to the promenade since 2003 as separate of the Armidale CBD Streetscape Design Project which aims at easing dealings in the city center by creating an stress on the “ ring road ” around the CBD with the aid of signage, elevation of roads using paving and the initiation of one-way streets .
Sports [edit ]
The most popular sport in Armidale is rugby league. The city has two rugby league teams competing in Group 19, the Armidale Rams and the celebrated Aboriginal team, the Narwan Eels. The Rams are based at Rugby League Park on Dumaresq St in Central Armidale, whilst the Eels are based at Newling Oval on the southerly outskirts of the city. other sports teams include the UNE New England Nomads ( University AFL team ) and Armidale Blues ( Rugby Union ) .
Media [edit ]
The city is serviced by one local newspaper, many radio stations including four local outlets, and all major television stations. [ 39 ]
local compress [edit ]
- Armidale Express
- Armidale Express Extra
- Armidale Independent, closed November 2014
local radio [edit ]
National radio [edit ]
television stations [edit ]
Subscription Television services are provided by Foxtel .
Attractions [edit ]
inheritance listings [edit ]
Armidale has a act of heritage-listed sites, including :
celebrated people [edit ]
The following noteworthy people were either born in, presently live in or previously resided in Armidale
sister cities [edit ]
Masterton, New Zealand
References [edit ]
Armidale locomotion guide from Wikivoyage
